Our brain reaches its peak capacity before the age of 30. After that, some abilities begin to decline, albeit very slowly. The capacity to recall sequences of numbers, for example, is only slightly worse in healthy 60-year-olds than in people in their early twenties. Much more is known about how memories are created and maintained than about how they are lost. Memory decline is usually attributed to the fact that the brain shrinks with age and gradually loses connections between neurons. Yet from a biochemical and molecular perspective, exactly how and why we lose our memory over the years remains a major mystery.

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In 2019, work to expand a school in Tudela, a town in the northern Spanish region of Navarra, led to the discovery of a medieval cemetery. Because construction was halted and archaeologists were called in, researchers were able to document more than 400 graves. The position of the bodies and the direction of the faces revealed that the site was one of the largest Muslim burial grounds found in Christian-ruled Spain, dating from the 11th to the 14th centuries.

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