COLOMBO — Fathima Rinoza lives on the fourth floor of a 14-story apartment block in Dematagoda, a suburb of Sri Lanka’s commercial capital, Colombo. She rarely keeps the two windows in her house open for long. The heat becomes unbearable by midday, she says, and the surrounding buildings obstruct wind flowing in the direction of her home. In addition, the stench from littered surroundings discourages residents like Rinoza from keeping their windows open. “Fresh air is a luxury for us because we can’t keep windows open for too long. By noon the heat becomes unbearable. If I keep the windows open till evening, there’ll be a lot of dust inside the house,” she tells Mongabay. Rinoza keeps the two fans in her house working almost the entire day to cool the house. The heat and poor ventilation make people like Rinoza who live in cramped urban settings heavily dependent on mechanical or active-cooling methods such as fans and air conditioners. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the urban residential sector accounts for nearly a third of Sri Lanka’s total energy consumption: to heat and cool buildings, and to run lights, devices, and appliances. As heat and energy demand rise, Sri Lanka is actively exploring the adoption of traditional and modern passive-cooling methods, primarily in the residential sector. Passive-cooling strategies In passive cooling, the building design approach uses natural energy flows like wind and shade to lower indoor temperatures. Research by Sri Lankan engineers in 2021 on natural ventilation for…This article was originally published on Mongabay

COLOMBO –- Wildlife enthusiast Pathum Bandara watched Kavantissa, believed to be Sri Lanka’s tallest living tusker, moving gently through the landscape on Sept. 20 around Galgamuwa in the island’s northwestern dry zone, a well-known human-elephant conflict zone. The following day, Bandara noticed that the elephant was limping. A closer look revealed a gunshot wound on his right foreleg, close to the knee. The discovery was alarming because an untreated gunshot wound could become infected and cause severe trauma, potentially threatening an elephant’s ability to walk, feed and survive. The Department of Wildlife Conservation (DWC) dispatched a team to treat the elephant. DWC’s veterinary surgeon Isuru Hewakottage said Kavantissa was sedated to enable the cleaning and treatment of the wound. He received several rounds of powerful antibiotics and remains under observation. Following treatment, Kavantissa has begun moving between small forest patches, sometimes crossing human settlements and the well-known elephant passage near Galgamuwa. The tusker appeared to be recovering but became aggressive after the gunshot injury, sometimes even chasing villagers and wildlife officers, exposing the tusker to renewed threats including the possibility of being fired at, Bandara told Mongabay. Iconic tusker Kavantissa, left, with Sankha, a young elephant, photographed in 2022. Sankha had a mobility restriction caused by a previous gunshot injury and died after falling into a pit. Image courtesy of Pathum Bandara. Bandara recalls the plight of another young tusker once closely associated with Kavantissa. Sankha, a young tusker, was about half Kavantissa’s age and was often seen together during…This article was originally published on Mongabay