Saudi Arabia should resist pressure to join the Abraham Accords and champion an inclusive Makkah Defense Agreement to strengthen Muslim unity, regional sovereignty, and collective security against external hegemony. The Abraham Accords and the Risks of Strategic Realignment US President Trump needs to consider the geostrategic, geoeconomic, and geopolitical ramifications of repeatedly urging the Kingdom […]

On October 5, Saudi Arabia, Türkiye and Pakistan activated the Makkah Pact, taking their new alliance to war for the first time, and potentially revealing the future of American power in the Middle East: Washington provides the security umbrella while regional partners increasingly do the fighting. From treaty to military alliance Only two months after […]