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Da Machado a Pillay: il Nobel che manda su tutte le furie Trump e Netanyahu

By: A A
23 October 2026 at 22:05

Il Nobel per la pace 2026 a Navi Pillay segna una brusca discontinuità rispetto al premio assegnato l’anno precedente a María Corina Machado. La reazione di Donald Trump e Benjamin Netanyahu rivela quanto il nodo del diritto internazionale sia divenuto terreno di scontro geopolitico.

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A distanza di appena un anno, il Premio Nobel per la pace sembra aver cambiato completamente direzione. Nell’ottobre 2025, il Comitato norvegese aveva scelto María Corina Machado, principale esponente dell’opposizione venezuelana, premiandola «per il suo instancabile lavoro nella promozione dei diritti democratici del popolo venezuelano e per la sua lotta per ottenere una transizione giusta e pacifica dalla dittatura alla democrazia». Lo scorso 9 ottobre, lo stesso riconoscimento è invece andato alla giurista sudafricana Navanethem “Navi” Pillay «per i suoi sforzi nel promuovere la pace e il diritto internazionale». Dietro la somiglianza delle formule ufficiali, tuttavia, si nascondono due messaggi politici quasi opposti.

Il Nobel a Machado si inseriva infatti in maniera pressoché naturale nel quadro della pressione esercitata da Washington contro il governo venezuelano. L’oppositrice di Nicolás Maduro era da tempo sostenuta apertamente dagli Stati Uniti e da governi latinoamericani allineati con Washington. La scelta del Comitato norvegese rafforzava quindi, indipendentemente dalle intenzioni dichiarate dai suoi membri, una delle parti di un conflitto politico interno sul quale gli Stati Uniti esercitano da anni una forte pressione attraverso sanzioni economiche, riconoscimenti politici selettivi e tentativi di isolamento internazionale del governo bolivariano.

Il rapporto personale fra Machado e Trump rese ancora più evidente questa convergenza. Il giorno stesso dell’assegnazione del premio, nell’ottobre 2025, Trump riferì che la dirigente venezuelana gli aveva telefonato affermando di accettare il Nobel anche in suo onore. Nel gennaio successivo, Machado arrivò poi a consegnare al presidente statunitense la propria medaglia del Nobel, nel tentativo di consolidare il sostegno di Washington alla propria strategia politica in Venezuela. Lo stesso Trump, pochi giorni prima dell’annuncio del premio 2026, ricordava pubblicamente quell’episodio come una sorta di riconoscimento indiretto della propria presunta attività di pacificatore.

Il Nobel 2026 ha prodotto invece un effetto praticamente opposto. Navi Pillay, infatti, non rappresenta un movimento politico sostenuto dagli Stati Uniti contro un governo avversario, ma una tradizione giuridica che rivendica almeno formalmente la possibilità di sottoporre anche le grandi potenze e i loro alleati alle norme del diritto internazionale.

La biografia della nuova vincitrice contribuisce a spiegare la portata della scelta. Sudafricana di origine tamil, Pillay iniziò la propria attività professionale durante l’apartheid, difendendo oppositori politici e battendosi per i diritti di Nelson Mandela e degli altri detenuti del regime segregazionista. Dopo la fine dell’apartheid divenne la prima donna non bianca a sedere nell’Alta Corte sudafricana. In seguito, fu giudice e presidente del Tribunale penale internazionale per il Ruanda, giudice della Corte penale internazionale dal 2003 al 2008 e Alto Commissario delle Nazioni Unite per i diritti umani dal 2008 al 2014. Oggi opera inoltre come giudice ad hoc presso la Corte internazionale di giustizia nel procedimento relativo alle accuse di genocidio contro il Myanmar.

Ma è soprattutto il genocidio del popolo palestinese a Gaza, perpetrato impunemente dal regime nazisionista israeliano, ad aver trasformato il Nobel a Pillay in un caso politico internazionale.

Pillay, infatti, ha presieduto la Commissione internazionale indipendente d’inchiesta istituita dal Consiglio dei diritti umani delle Nazioni Unite sui Territori palestinesi occupati, compresa Gerusalemme Est, e Israele. La Commissione ha concluso nel 2025 che Israele aveva commesso atti costitutivi di genocidio nella Striscia di Gaza, facendo riferimento, tra gli altri elementi, alle enormi perdite civili, alle restrizioni agli aiuti umanitari, alla distruzione sistematica delle strutture sanitarie, all’impatto delle operazioni sui bambini e alle dichiarazioni rese da esponenti politici e militari israeliani.

Da questo punto di vista, l’assegnazione del Nobel non poteva che provocare una reazione particolarmente violenta a Tel Aviv. Netanyahu ha affermato che il Comitato Nobel avrebbe «perso la propria bussola morale», definendo Pillay una persona intollerante che avrebbe costruito la propria carriera diffondendo quelle che il premier israeliano ha definito «calunnie di sangue» contro Israele. Il ministero degli Esteri israeliano ha adottato toni ancora più estremi, arrivando a evocare Joseph Goebbels e sostenendo che il propagandista nazista starebbe «applaudendo dall’inferno» alla decisione del Comitato (mentre, a nostro avviso, applaudirebbe piuttosto gli odiosi crimini commessi dal regime nazisionista).

La risposta israeliana, inoltre, non si limita a contestare le conclusioni della Commissione o l’interpretazione giuridica adottata da Pillay, ma tende a delegittimare l’intero meccanismo internazionale chiamato a giudicare l’operato del regime nazisionista. È una dinamica già emersa nei rapporti con la Corte penale internazionale, che ha emesso un mandato d’arresto contro Netanyahu per presunti crimini di guerra e crimini contro l’umanità, e con la Corte internazionale di giustizia, che ha dichiarato illegale la presenza israeliana nei Territori palestinesi occupati nell’ambito del suo parere consultivo del 2024.

La reazione di Donald Trump è stata diversa nella forma ma altrettanto rivelatrice. Il presidente statunitense, che da tempo conduce una vera e propria campagna personale per ottenere il Nobel, ha definito Pillay una «persona misteriosa» della quale non aveva mai sentito parlare. Ha poi bollato la mancata assegnazione del premio a sé stesso come una decisione «vergognosa e imbarazzante», destinata a lasciare una «macchia indelebile» sulla Norvegia. Secondo Trump, il Nobel sarebbe stato «screditato per sempre» da un gruppo di «ideologi radicali», da lui definiti perfino «nemici della civiltà».

Nelle stesse ore dell’annuncio del Nobel, Washington ha inoltre imposto nuove e molto più ampie sanzioni contro la Corte penale internazionale. L’amministrazione Trump ha annunciato restrizioni destinate a tagliare alla Corte l’accesso a servizi finanziari, tecnologici e commerciali statunitensi, presentando apertamente la misura come parte di un tentativo di indebolirne la capacità operativa. Il segretario di Stato Marco Rubio ha aggiunto che gli Stati Uniti non permetteranno alla CPI di perseguire cittadini statunitensi, definendo la Corte un organismo illegittimo. Dal canto suo, la CPI ha replicato denunciando un attacco allo Stato di diritto e al principio secondo cui nessuno dovrebbe essere posto al di sopra della legge.

Naturalmente, la decisione di assegnare il premio a Navi Pillay non dimostra che il Comitato norvegese sia improvvisamente diventato un organismo estraneo alle logiche politiche occidentali; inoltre, l’assegnazione di un premio non può certo cancellare la lunga storia di selettività che caratterizza l’applicazione del diritto internazionale. Tuttavia, questa volta, il principio riaffermato dal Nobel entra direttamente in collisione con la pretesa delle potenze dominanti di sottrarsi alle stesse regole che esse invocano nei confronti dei propri avversari.

La distanza fra i due premi presi in considerazione mostra dunque anche le contraddizioni interne allo stesso sistema occidentale. Il Nobel a Machado poteva essere perfettamente integrato nella strategia statunitense di pressione sul Venezuela, uno Stato collocato fuori dall’orbita di Washington e legato politicamente ed economicamente a Cina, Russia e ad altri attori del mondo multipolare. Il Nobel a Pillay valorizza invece istituzioni e principi che, quando vengono applicati a Israele o agli stessi Stati Uniti, diventano improvvisamente oggetto di sanzioni, minacce e campagne di delegittimazione.

Le reazioni scomposte di Trump e Netanyahu finiscono così per rafforzare involontariamente il significato politico dell’assegnazione. Entrambi contestano non soltanto la persona di Pillay, ma soprattutto il principio che la sua carriera rappresenta: che la responsabilità per crimini internazionali non dovrebbe dipendere dall’appartenenza a un determinato blocco geopolitico, dalla forza militare di uno Stato o dalla protezione garantita da Washington.

Nel frattempo, la credibilità del diritto internazionale continuerà naturalmente a dipendere dalla capacità di applicare questo principio senza doppi standard. Resta il fatto che, per decenni, le istituzioni occidentali hanno richiamato il diritto internazionale soprattutto nei confronti degli avversari geopolitici, mentre molto più debole è stata la loro capacità di farlo valere quando erano coinvolte le potenze occidentali o i loro alleati. Il caso di Gaza e dei crimini commessi dal regime nazisionista israeliano ha reso questa asimmetria sempre più difficile da occultare.

AI is driving a data-center power boom. These are some of the biggest US projects being built.

23 October 2026 at 21:00
data centers
The Meta El Paso Data Center on Aug. 13, 2026, in El Paso, Texas.

Brandon Bell/Getty Images

  • Data centers and artificial intelligence have become a part of everyday conversation for Americans.
  • Data center energy consumption has entered those conversations, too.
  • The largest planned AI campuses could require more than 10 gigawatts of electricity.

Some Americans have new next-door neighbors: data centers.

The US has been building these computing facilities for decades, but development has ramped up dramatically in recent years as AI increasingly drives demand for computing power.

Business Insider compiled a list of some of these enormous US data-center projects to illustrate the scale of what's being built. Those on the list have at least 1 gigawatt of capacity and have broken ground.

Among the largest is a city-sized campus in Texas pursuing up to 17 gigawatts of power capacity. Another in Ohio is aiming to have up to 10 gigawatts of data-center capacity, most of which OpenAI has contracted to use. For reference, 1 gigawatt of electricity continuously supplied for a year could power roughly 835,000 average American homes.

In total, the Pew Research Center says the US has more than 3,000 operating data centers nationwide and over 1,500 more under development, mostly in rural areas. According to data from the Energy Institute's 2026 Statistical Review of World Energy, US data centers accounted for nearly 40% of global data-center electricity use in 2025, consuming about 313 terawatt-hours. That's more electricity than all of Australia used that year.

Planned capacity is the closest public proxy for how much computing these AI campuses can support, and that's important because the electricity and water needed to run their servers and cooling systems can have major implications for local grids and sustainability.

Residents affected by developments in places like Texas and Utah have pushed back over concerns about noise, property values, and the effects on nearby communities. New York has temporarily paused the construction of new large-scale AI data centers.

Still, the 2025 US Data Center Energy Usage Report from Berkeley Lab projects that data centers will consume 11.8% of US electricity by 2030, up from about 4.4% in 2023. Oracle, SB Energy, SpaceX, Google, and Meta are among the leading developers and operators.

Elon Musk's SpaceX is so eager to build its supercomputers that it's offering employees a pay bump to temporarily move to the data-center sites to help with the buildout.

Here's a closer look at some of the largest AI data-center campuses being built.

Meta Lebanon Campus — Indiana
The Meta logo.

Thibault Camus/AP

Mark Zuckerberg's Meta currently has 21 data centers under construction. Its Lebanon, Indiana, data center is one of its biggest investments — and the company's second in the state.

The $10 billion center, which broke ground in early 2026, is planned to deliver 1 gigawatt of capacity and span 1,500 acres.

It's expected to be completed by early 2028. Neighbors have complained about light pollution from the construction, while residents across Indiana have urged state lawmakers to regulate the growing data-center industry.

Meta El Paso Data Center — Texas
An aerial view of a data center.
EL PASO, TEXAS - AUGUST 13: In an aerial view, the Meta El Paso Data Center is seen on August 13, 2026 in El Paso, Texas. Meta Platforms continues construction on its more than $10 billion Meta El Paso Data Center in Northeast El Paso, Texas. Occupying approximately 1,000 acres, Meta has expanded the project to 1 gigawatt of

Brandon Bell/Getty Images

Meta's data center in El Paso, Texas, is planned to be powered by 1 gigawatt of capacity and span roughly 1,000 acres. It originally called for $1.5 billion in investment, which later increased to $10 billion.

The center will support more than 300 workers once complete, while around 4,000 construction workers are expected to build it out.

The site broke ground in October 2025 and is expected to be finished in 2028. The site has also sparked backlash from residents.

Project Freebird (Stargate) — Texas
Sam Altman speaks
OpenAI CEO Sam Altman

Bloomberg/Getty Images

Project Freebird is part of Stargate, the AI-infrastructure initiative co-led by OpenAI and SoftBank, which OpenAI said in January 2025 would invest up to $500 billion in US infrastructure.

Freebird will be a 1.2-gigawatt data center campus in Milam County, Texas, near Austin. The first phase was expected to be completed by October, while additional phases are planned through 2028. Construction began in 2025.

However, the company has not issued any update on the data center's completion as of late October.

The site, being developed by SB Energy, a SoftBank-backed infrastructure company, will span roughly 595 acres. Phase 1 has an estimated construction cost of $470 million, while total investment in the broader project is expected to range from $1.8 billion to $3 billion.

The first phase had a scheduled construction-completion date of October 15, while SB Energy says operations are expected to begin in 2027.

Fort Wayne Data Center — Indiana
Google CEO Sundar Pichai delivers a speech during the AI Impact Summit in New Delhi on February 19, 2026
Google CEO Sundar Pichai delivers a speech during the AI Impact Summit in New Delhi in February 2026.

Ludovic MARIN / AFP via Getty Images

In 2024, Google broke ground on a $2 billion data center campus in Fort Wayne, Indiana, to support its AI and cloud operations.

The campus is expected to require up to 1.2 gigawatts of power at full build-out. Some Indiana politicians have expressed concern about the amount of power required to run the data center and who will foot the energy bill.

"If companies want to build a data center here, and we have to build new power generation for them, then they need to share in that risk," Indiana Rep. Ed Soliday, a Republican, previously told Business Insider. "There are a couple of data center folks who have said, 'Oh no, that's not fair.' Yes, it is. Grandma down the street shouldn't have to pay for your dreams."

Stargate Abilene — Texas
An aerial view of a data center campus.
The Stargate AI data center in Abilene, Texas.

Bloomberg/Getty Images

The Stargate AI data center campus outside Abilene, Texas, is expected to deliver 1.2 gigawatts of capacity. Crusoe, the lead developer and builder behind the project, broke ground on the campus in June 2024. The first phase is already operational.

The second phase, which is under construction, is backed by a $15 billion joint venture between Crusoe, Blue Owl Capital, and Primary Digital Infrastructure. It will add six buildings to the campus, bringing the total to eight and the planned capacity to 1.2 gigawatts. The site will span 875 acres.

Nebius AI Factory — Missouri
A man in a shirt speaks.
Danila Shtan, chief technology officer at Nebius. The company is an AI cloud infrastructure provider headquartered in Amsterdam.

Bloomberg/Getty Images

Nebius' data center in Independence, Missouri, will span roughly 400 acres and reach a capacity of up to 1.2 gigawatts. The company broke ground in May and is expected to bring roughly 1,200 construction jobs and 130 permanent jobs.

Nebius has not announced a total investment amount, though the city expects to begin collecting tax revenue from the campus in 2028.

The site hasn't come without controversy. A group of citizens is suing the city of Independence and companies involved with the project, alleging 16 counts, including claims that the city violated Missouri's Sunshine Law several times by failing to provide finalized data center construction plans. Nebius did not offer a comment.

CloudBurst San Marcos Data Center I — Texas
CloudBurst Data Centers and Evolve broke ground.
CloudBurst Data Centers and Evolve Holdings broke ground on the site in late 2025.

Evolve Holdings

CloudBurst's San Marcos Data Center I is a planned 1.2-gigawatt capacity campus on 706 acres in central Texas. Guadalupe County approved a $500 million tax abatement for the project.

The company and its development partner, Evolve, broke ground in November 2025, with an initial 50-megawatt phase expected to be complete by late 2026. Construction is expected to be complete in 2029.

San Marcos residents have protested proposed data centers over water and energy concerns. The city has since become the first in Texas to ban new data centers, though the ban won't stop CloudBurst's project, which is outside city limits.

The Barn Data Center — Michigan
a massive building under construction, surrounded by dirt

Jim West/UCG/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

The Barn, part of the Stargate project, is a multi-billion-dollar AI data center campus in Saline Township, southwest of Ann Arbor, Michigan. Related Digital, a data-center developer, is building the campus for Oracle as part of its partnership with OpenAI. Construction for The Barn began in June.

The campus will comprise three data center buildings with a combined capacity of 1.4 gigawatts. The $16 billion project is backed by Related Digital and investment firm Blackstone. The first facilities are expected to enter service by the end of 2027.

Local residents have protested against the data center, citing concerns about its impact on the grid and pollution.

In October, state regulators opened public comment on a wastewater permit for the campus’s proposed on-site water-treatment system.

Stargate Frontier Campus — Texas
OpenAI's Sarah Friar and Sam Altman stand at a construction site.
OpenAI CFO Sarah Friar (left) and CEO Sam Altman (right) during a media tour of the Stargate AI data center in Abilene, Texas, in 2025.

Bloomberg/Getty Images

The Stargate Frontier Campus, developed by Vantage Data Centers, will be a 1.4 gigawatt, 1,200-acre data center in Shackelford County, Texas, near Albany in north-central Texas.

The campus is part of the broader Stargate initiative led by OpenAI, Oracle, and other partners, and is being designed for ultra-high-density AI workloads. Vantage plans to invest more than $25 billion in the project, which is expected to be fully built out by 2028.

Construction of the center began in late 2025.

xAI Colossus 2 — Tennessee
A swampy lake in the foreground, with construction in the background.
Work continues on a data center being built by SpaceXAI on August 2, 2026 in Southaven, Mississippi. Hastily built to meet the skyrocketing demand for computing power required by the global artificial intelligence race, these data centers are meeting stiff opposition across the United States. In Southaven, 69 turbines are constantly in motion to

Brandon Dill / AFP via Getty Images

Elon Musk's xAI is building Colossus 2 to power Grok, the AI chatbot on X. Construction began in 2025 in Memphis, Tennessee, and the company has said it plans to expand the site to 1.5 gigawatts. The nonprofit research institute Epoch AI estimates its current capacity at about 946 megawatts.

Environmental justice groups, led by the NAACP, sued xAI earlier this year, alleging that the company installed and operated gas turbines that power Colossus 2 in nearby Southaven, Mississippi, without the required air permits. In March, Mississippi regulators approved a permit for xAI to build and operate a new fleet of turbines at the site.

Local residents have filed a class-action lawsuit against xAI, MZX Tech, and SpaceX, alleging that noise and vibrations from the gas turbines have disrupted their lives and harmed their property values.

Still, in late October, Business Insider reported that SpaceX was offering employees a 20% pay bump to temporarily relocate to Memphis or Southaven, Mississippi, for six weeks to help build out Colossus 1 and 2.

Project Jupiter — New Mexico
An aerial view of a data center under construction.
Project Jupiter is located in Santa Teresa, New Mexico

Omar Ornelas/El Paso Times/Reuters

Developed by infrastructure companies STACK Infrastructure and BorderPlex Digital Assets, Project Jupiter will be an AI data center campus in Doña Ana County, New Mexico, near the Texas border. It is part of the Stargate initiative and is expected to support Oracle's AI-computing operations for OpenAI.

Construction for Project Jupiter began in September 2025. The campus's planned on-site power system could include up to 2.45 gigawatts of Bloom Energy fuel cells, replacing an earlier proposal centered on gas turbines and diesel generators.

In May, Oracle ditched its plan to construct a natural gas plant to power Project Jupiter, following local residents' concerns over the potential negative water usage and air pollution effects it could cause.

Oracle issued a force majeure notice in September due to potential delays in the project's power infrastructure, though it says the campus remains on track for 2028.

Meta Hyperion — Louisiana
Aerial view of Richland Parish Data Center
Aerial view of Richland Parish Data Center.

Meta

Meta's Hyperion AI data center in rural northeast Louisiana, backed by more than $50 billion in investment, will span more than 3,600 acres and is planned to deliver 5 gigawatts of capacity once fully developed. Hyperion broke ground in December 2024.

Meta says Hyperion is designed to train and run its artificial-intelligence systems. Earlier this year, Louisiana gave Meta $3.3 billion in tax breaks for Meta to build Hyperion. The project is expected to be completed in the 2030s.

Since the center is located in a rural part of the state, the influx of 7,500 trade and construction workers has spurred a housing boom, with mobile homes built for workers that rent for $3,000 a month.

Still, the project has also faced pushback from local residents and environmental groups concerned about its impact on water, energy use, and the surrounding community.

Louisiana regulators held hearings in October on the proposed power build-out for the campus. The state's Public Service Commission will issue a decision in December.

PORTS-Pike Technology Campus — Ohio
PORTS Technology Campus
Breaking ground at the Portsmouth Site on March 20

US Department of Energy

The Department of Energy said SB Energy broke ground in March in Ohio on the planned AI and cloud campus at the former Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, known as PORTS. The campus will span private land and remediated federal land leased from the DOE.

The Nvidia-backed project is expected to include up to 10 gigawatts of data-center capacity, with OpenAI set to use up to 8 gigawatts of it for its workloads.

While the DOE says the historical PORTS site is in active remediation, the project has raised concerns about potential health and environmental risks associated with the site's history as a uranium enrichment plant. SB Energy told the Guardian in August that it is "committed to paying for accelerated cleanup and remediation at the site" and that the company "performs thorough site reviews and due diligence for each of our infrastructure projects, including soil sampling."

SB Energy said in October that it would begin initial clearing and grading work for the campus’s first phase.

Project Matador — Texas
Construction work at Project Matador's 17GW Private Power Campus
Construction work at Project Matador's 17GW Private Power Campus

Fermi America via PR Newswire

Fermi America's Project Matador, also called HyperGrid, is an AI data center and private power campus being built near Amarillo, Texas.

Fermi, which was co-founded in 2025 by former Texas Gov. and US Energy Secretary Rick Perry, said it is pursuing roughly 17 gigawatts of private power for the campus, up from the initially planned 11 gigawatts. That means the campus would generate much of its own electricity on-site rather than relying entirely on the public grid. The company says 6 gigawatts have been permitted so far.

Fermi has a 99-year land lease with the Texas Tech University System for the core site, and the project could span roughly 8,400 acres at full build-out. Fermi says construction is underway, with completion planned for the 2030s, and AI cloud company TensorWave has signed a 15-year lease expected to generate about $6.5 billion in contracted revenue for the first phase. Fermi is also developing a cooling system designed to substantially reduce water use.

The company was hit with a class action lawsuit earlier this year. The investor lawsuit alleges Fermi misled investors about the status and prospects of Project Matador; its shares fell after Amazon withdrew a $150 million construction advance in December 2025.

Fermi America said three gas turbines arrived at the site in October.

SpaceX, Meta, Google, Oracle, Fermi America, CloudBurst, and xAI did not immediately respond to a request for comment from Business Insider. SB Energy did not offer a comment.

Read the original article on Business Insider

Ukrainian Mi-24 Caught in Russian Geran Drone Strike at Myrhorod (Video)

23 October 2026 at 11:48

File image.

Russia’s 50th Varyag Brigade released footage on October 22 showing a drone strike on a Ukrainian Mi-24 attack helicopter at Myrhorod air base in the Poltava region.

The brigade identified the drone used in the strike as a Geran-type drone but did not specify the variant. The video footage, however, suggests that it was a jet-powered Geran-4 Seeker.

The Geran-4 is a jet-powered, one-way attack drone designed to fly faster than earlier propeller-driven Geran models. Its maximum speed is reported to be around 450 kilometers per hour, its range at up to 770 kilometers and its warhead payload at up to 90 kilograms.

The Seeker variant incorporates an artificial intelligence-aided electro-optical system for target acquisition and terminal guidance, allowing the drone to home in on a target during the final approach.

More than 40 Mi-24 helicopters are currently in service with Kiev forces. Many of these helicopters were delivered to Ukraine after the start of the Russian special military operation some two years ago, by the Czech Republic, Poland and North Macedonia.

Wikipedia’s list of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the conflict says that Ukraine has lost at least 21 of these helicopters. The real losses are likely even higher.

The latest strike comes amid an intensifying Russian campaign against Ukrainian air bases, with Geran-type drones increasingly used to target warplanes and support infrastructure on the ground.

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Short Circuit: An inexhaustive weekly compendium of rulings from the federal courts of appeal

23 October 2026 at 20:30

Please enjoy the latest edition of Short Circuit, a weekly feature written by a bunch of people at the Institute for Justice.

New case! In Feb. 2025, federal agents raided IJ client Mario Ayala Cruz's check cashing and money transfer business in Glendale, Ariz., seizing computers, cell phones, documents, and over $450k in cash and checks. And then … nothing. Mario, who runs the business (by the book) with his wife and adult children, has not heard anything for 20 months. No charges have been filed, and the feds are way past the 60-day deadline to either initiate civil forfeiture or return the property. Which violates the Fourth Amendment and federal law—and was extra crummy because it forced Mario to cut short his final visit with his dying father in Mexico. Click here to learn more.

New on the Short Circuit podcast: We get a Rocky Mountain high at the Tenth Circuit Bench & Bar Conference. Learn all about what makes the circuit tick from the experts we met there, including our first guest from a circuit historical society.

  1. For decades, federal guidance has limited immigration enforcement at "sensitive locations," including houses of worship. Recently, DHS and ICE release new policy guidance allowing "discretion" and "case by case" decisions regarding enforcement at churches, synagogues, and mosques. Religious organizations sue. D.C. Circuit (over a dissent): And they have standing.
  2. After spending 7.5 years in pretrial detention at Rikers, man is finally sentenced to a max of 7 years—time to let him out! But prison officials drag their feet for another 17 days. Second Circuit: Case undismissed. He plausibly alleged the city and its officials are turning a blind eye to overdetention.
  3. Sure, says two-thirds of this Third Circuit panel, the plaintiff church has shown a good bit of evidence that Collier, Penn. officials rejected its application to build a 13k-square-foot shrine out of animus towards the church's pro-life advocacy, but that doesn't mean it gets a preliminary injunction because there's absolutely nothing "preliminary" about building a 13k-square-foot shrine.
  4. Judge presides over 1993 murder trial in Philadelphia where the prosecutor is … also an eyewitness in a separate personal injury suit where the judge is the plaintiff. Conflict of interest? Third Circuit (unpublished): Judicial, prosecutorial, and municipal immunity.
  5. Federal prisoner is put in solitary for nearly three years without a hearing and then ultimately cleared of role in the death of another inmate. He brings FTCA claims; they're dismissed; he doesn't find out in time to appeal. SCOTUS (2025): And we agree with him (and the feds) that he did enough to reopen the case. Fourth Circuit (2026): And we agree with him that his 2017 complaint was timely; he was Heck barred from filing earlier.
  6. Looking for some light reading this weekend? How about 173 pages from the Fourth Circuit about whether the church autonomy doctrine protects a Catholic social-services agency's decision to refuse to provide health-insurance benefits for an employee's same-sex spouse.
  7. Trial-advocacy tip: If you're going to "cross[ ] the bounds of proper advocacy," try to make sure the court's enumeration of your misdeeds runs to no more than four pages. The four-and-a-half-page list in this Fifth Circuit opinion is a bad look. (Your humble summarist further recommends that readers ctrl-f for "skunk.")
  8. FBI agent: I accidentally shot a hostage dead in 2018 after he popped up unexpectedly on the other side of a window we were breaching, leaned out of the window, and then grabbed my gun. District court: Lies. The hostage was blindfolded, his hands were duct-taped, and he grabbed nada. The federal gov't must pay $2.3 mil for the intentional torts of its agent. Fifth Circuit: Make that $1.9 mil. Dissent: We should be focusing on punishing the hostage takers (now behind bars), not the agent (who got qualified immunity).
  9. Mississippi adopts a law cracking down on state-sponsored DEI programs. District court issues a TRO, then a corrected TRO, then a P.I., finding a likely First Amendment violation. Cool? Fifth Circuit: The merits were wrong and require a do over. More importantly, the initial TRO had several legal and factual AI hallucinations (including non-existent defendants), even the corrected (and back-dated) TRO had a hallucination, and the P.I. incorporated that TRO by reference. "Because of the extraordinarily grave errors by the district court, we vacate and remand for assignment to a different district judge."
  10. Come for the dramatic retelling of Rebel Without a Cause. Stay for the definitely-not-just-a-form-of-intermediate-scrutiny Bruen analysis that leads the Fifth Circuit to conclude much of the Federal Switchblade Act violates the Second Amendment.
  11. South Texas non-profit alleges FEMA has secret policies for determining disaster-relief eligibility and that it's violating the Freedom of Information Act by not posting them in an online "reading room." Fifth Circuit: FOIA empowers district courts to compel posting materials online in appropriate cases. Remand to determine whether this is such a case.
  12. Friends, the LSIPA, as enforced by ERCOT's CEO, prevents GHAE from messing with Texas. But is the LSIPA conflict- or field-preempted by the DPA's CFIUS (to say nothing of FIRRMA)? Fifth Circuit: Texas can indeed ban certain investments from China, Russia, etc. to protect its electric grid.
  13. Michigan prisoners sue under the Eighth Amendment, alleging that their facility is overrun by toxic mold. (In response to their request for fungicide to clean it themselves, the warden allegedly tells them to just scrub harder.) Officials: The prisoners didn't allege "heinous" conduct. And they didn't point to cases about these specific strains of mold. Sixth Circuit: No, this is going to discovery. No qualified immunity (for most defendants) on these allegations.
  14. Tennessee inmate with chronic back problems suffers abrupt decline: He can no longer sit, stand, walk, eat, or take a deep breath. His pain is excruciating, and an x-ray shows several possible new issues. Even so, he's not sent to the hospital for two weeks, and a staph infection, which had been treatable, renders him paralyzed. Deliberate indifference? District court: No. Sixth Circuit: Maybe. To trial this must go. Dissent: No.
  15. Federal law authorizes the president to call upon a state's national guard to put down a rebellion. But even applying highly deferential review, says the Ninth Circuit (over a dissent), a rebellion is not an honest description of the protests last year in Los Angeles. President Trump's order federalizing the California National Guard was unconstitutional.
  16. At age 21, Iranian immigrant gets busted for marijuana possession; for over 20 years, he stays out of trouble and abides by all sorts of conditions in order to remain here. Like, in 2025, getting ICE's permission to move from California to Kansas, where ICE agents arrest him weeks later in his yard in front of his U.S. citizen wife. Tenth Circuit: His release (after eight months) doesn't moot his habeas case because ICE re-detains people all the time. Nor does it prevent the district court from ordering the feds not to deport him. Nor does it stop us from declaring that the feds didn't follow their own rules, violating due process. Dissent: This is moot.
  17. It is a serious crime to lie on the paperwork and buy a gun for someone who is not allowed to have one. Less common is buying a gun for someone who is allowed to have one—because you get a military discount and they don't. Tenth Circuit (unpublished): Still a crime, though.
  18. With decidedly less jam than the Allman Brothers, Congress passed the Midnight Rider in 2005, allowing Oklahoma to regulate environmental programs in Indian country with the EPA's approval. Everyone proceeded to ignore the rider until the Supreme Court determined that much of the state was actually Indian country. Reanimated, Oklahoma sought and obtained the EPA's approval in 2025—an approval the Pawnee Nation now challenges. Tenth Circuit: The EPA is bound to keep on ridin', as the approval was appropriate.
  19. One response to our embittered, social-media-coarsened discourse might be to take a deep breath and focus on the important things. Alternatively, you could follow our example and tuck into this 46 pager from the Eleventh Circuit on Florida's procedures for figuring out which books belong in school libraries, and, in the inevitable lawsuits that follow, whether school board members are or are not shielded by legislative privilege from having to testify about their motives in removing books that they consider too sexual. (By a 2-1 vote, yes, they have to testify.)
  20. Man serves 23 years of 75-year sentence, is exonerated by (among other things) modern DNA testing. District court: He can't sue a Georgia DNA analyst for testilying that the original testing resulted in a match, but he can sue the analyst for fabricating evidence outside of court. Eleventh Circuit (unpublished): Reversed; the only thing allegedly fabricated was the testimony, and lying witnesses are absolutely immune from civil liability. (Click here for a lovingly crafted podcast on common law immunity for witnesses, which, no, would not have protected this analyst.)
  21. And in en banc news, the Ninth Circuit will not reconsider its (unpublished) decision reaffirming circuit precedent applying a "sliding scale" test for awarding preliminary injunctions. Ten judges dissent from denial, arguing that the Ninth Circuit's test conflicts with Supreme Court precedent. Three of those judges separately dissent to argue that the Ninth Circuit is too stingy about recognizing when the Supreme Court has disagreed with circuit precedent, and the Court should straighten them out.

New case! IJ client Karli Kemper, a 25-year teaching vet, runs State 48 Arts and Academics, an innovative microschool in Pinal County, Ariz. that has been life changing for its students, most of whom have special needs and struggle in traditional settings. But the county is threatening to shut it down. Even though schools are allowed by right in Kemper's rurally zoned neighborhood, officials say that means public and charter schools, not private schools. That's outrageous, and so are the numerous onerous conditions officials insist that Kemper must follow, even assuming they grant her special-use permit application, which they want denied anyway. Click here to learn more.

The post Short Circuit: An inexhaustive weekly compendium of rulings from the federal courts of appeal appeared first on Reason Magazine.

President convenes Council of State on social cohesion for November 2

23 October 2026 at 20:54
President of Portugal António José Seguro - Photo: JOSÉ SENA GOULÃO/LUSA

Portuguese president, António José Seguro, has convened a meeting of the Council of State for 2 November at 3 pm on the subject of social cohesion – a topic on

The post President convenes Council of State on social cohesion for November 2 appeared first on Portugal Resident.

BBC senior broadcaster speaks out on Gaza coverage

The BBC have been “very compliant to Israel." BBC threatened job loss to enforce compliance. “There is a huge amount of anger amongst many BBC journalists and staff who are disgusted at what their organisation is doing

These 26 current US House representatives were born outside the US

23 October 2026 at 19:12
Two people in suits speak.
Reps. Dan Crenshaw (R-Texas) and Ilhan Omar (D-Minnesota) were born outside the US.

Getty Images

  • The US House of Representatives has 435 members, each representing a state congressional district.
  • US representatives do not need to be natural-born citizens in order to take office.
  • See the 26 current representatives born outside the US.

Similar to the US Senate, members of the House of Representatives do not need to be natural-born citizens in order to take office.

In fact, the only members of government who do are the president and vice president.

The House of Representatives, one of the two chambers of Congress alongside the Senate, has 435 voting members. They represent congressional districts allocated among the states based on population and serve two-year terms with no term limits.

To qualify as a US House representative, a person must be:

  • At least 25 years old
  • A US citizen for at least seven years.
  • Live in the state they want to represent at the time of the election.

Many current House members were US citizens at birth despite being born in another country — for instance, because they were born to American parents working in government positions abroad.

Here are the 26 active House representatives born outside the US.

Becca Balint (D)
A woman in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - FEBRUARY 11: U.S. Rep. Becca Balint (D-VT) listens as U.S. Attorney General Pam Bondi testifies before the House Judiciary Committee in the Rayburn House Office Building on February 11, 2026 in Washington, DC. Bondi is expected to face questions on her department’s handling of the files related to the convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, President Trump’s investigations into political foes and the handing of the two fatal ICE shootings of U.S. citizens. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)

Alex Wong/Getty Images

State: Vermont

District: At Large

Place of birth: Germany

Balint has served in Congress since 2023. She was born in Germany while her father was serving in the US armed forces, making her a US citizen at birth.

Donald S. Beyer Jr. (D)
A man in a suit.
UNITED STATES - MARCH 1: Former Virginia Lieutenant Gov. Donald S. Beyer Jr., speaks during the Mount Vernon District Democratic Committee's annual Mardi Gras fundraiser at Don Beyer's Volvo car dealership in Alexandria, Va., on Saturday, March 1, 2014. Beyer won a straw poll over 10 other candidates vying to replace the retiring Rep. Jim Moran, D-Va. (Photo By Bill Clark/CQ Roll Call)

Bill Clark/CQ Roll Call

State: Virginia

District: 08

Place of birth: Free Territory of Trieste (now Italy)

Beyer has served in Congress since 2015. He was born to a US Army officer, making him a citizen at birth.

Salud O. Carbajal (D)
A man in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - SEPTEMBER 1: Rep. Salud Carbajal (D-CA) arrives for a Democratic caucus meeting on Capitol Hill on September 1, 2026 in Washington, DC. House Republicans and Democrats are gathering for their first conference meetings after the August recess. (Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images)

Andrew Harnik/Getty Images

State: California

District: 24

Place of birth: Mexico

Carbajal has served in Congress since 2017. He emigrated from Mexico at age 5 and became a naturalized citizen in 1990.

Sean Casten (D)
A man in a suit.
Representative Sean Casten, a Democrat from Illinois, during a House Financial Services Committee hearing in Washington, DC, US, on Tuesday, Sept. 15, 2026. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said he's supportive of a plan floated by President Donald Trump to send $5,000 checks to American adults if Republicans retain their majorities in Congress, downplaying concerns about the potential cost. Photographer: Graeme Sloan/Bloomberg via Getty Images

Bloomberg/Getty Images

State: Illinois

District: 06

Place of birth: Ireland

Casten has served in Congress since 2019. He was born to American parents, making him a US citizen at birth.

Juan Ciscomani (R)
A man in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 21: U.S. Rep. Juan Ciscomani (R-AZ) arrives to a House Republican Conference meeting in the U.S. Capitol Building on July 21, 2026 in Washington, DC. The U.S. House of Representatives is expected to start a long recess through August after completing legislative business this week. (Photo by Finn Gomez/Getty Images)

Finn Gomez/Getty Images

State: Arizona

District: 06

Place of birth: Mexico

Ciscomani has served in Congress since 2023. He moved to Arizona when he was 11 and became a naturalized citizen in 2006.

Andrew S. Clyde (R)
A man in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - JUNE 13: Rep. Andrew Clyde (R-GA) speaks to the press during a press conference on Capitol Hill on June 13, 2023 in Washington, DC. (Photo by Michael A. McCoy/Getty Images)

Michael A. McCoy/Getty Images

State: Georgia

District: 09

Place of birth: Canada

Clyde has served in Congress since 2021. He was born to American parents, making him a US citizen at birth.

Dan Crenshaw (R)
A man in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - JUNE 26: Rep. Dan Crenshaw (R-TX) speaks during a press conference on Capitol Hill on June 26, 2024 in Washington, DC. Republicans in the House are attempting to hold Attorney General Derrick Garland in contempt of Congress after he advised that President Biden assert Executive Privilege over the audio and video records of his interview with Special Counsel Robert Hur. (Photo by Samuel Corum/Getty Images)

Samuel Corum/Getty Images

State: Texas

District: 02

Place of birth: Scotland

Crenshaw has served in Congress since 2019. He was born to American parents, making him a US citizen at birth.

Sharice Davids (D)
A woman in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - MARCH 30: Rep. Sharice Davids (D-KS) listens as Rep. Suzan DelBene (D-WA), the chairwoman of the New Democrat Coalition, speaks to reporters outside of the West Wing of the White House on March 30, 2022 in Washington, DC. The coalition met with U.S. President Joe Biden to discuss Biden’s domestic agenda and how to move forward with new legislation since the failure to pass Build Back Better in the U.S. Senate. (Photo by Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)

Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images

State: Kansas

District: 03

Place of birth: Germany

Davids has served in Congress since 2019. She was born in Germany to a mother who served 20 years in the US Army, making her a US citizen at birth.

Diana DeGette (D)
A woman in a suit.
DENVER, COLORADO - MAY 28: Diana DeGette participated in a League of Women Voters Congressional District 1 candidate forum at Montview Presbyterian Church on May 28, 2026, in Denver, Colorado. (Photo by RJ Sangosti/MediaNews Group/The Denver Post via Getty Images)

RJ Sangosti/MediaNews Group/The Denver Post via Getty Images

State: Colorado

District: 01

Place of birth: Japan

DeGette has served in Congress since 1997. She was born in Japan while her father served in the US armed forces, making her a US citizen at birth.

Adriano Espaillat (D)
A man in a suit.
Representative Adriano Espaillat, a Democrat from New York, joined by House Democratic Party caucus chairs, speaks during a news conference on the US Supreme Court birthright citizenship decision outside the US Capitol in Washington, DC, US, on Tuesday, June 30, 2026. The US Supreme Court rejected a central plank of President Donald Trump's immigration agenda on Tuesday, deeming his plan to restrict birthright citizenship to be unconstitutional. Photographer: Graeme Sloan/Bloomberg via Getty Images

Bloomberg/Getty Images

State: New York

District: 13

Place of birth: Dominican Republic

Espaillat has served in Congress since 2017. He came to the US as a child and became a naturalized US citizen in the early 1980s. Espaillat is the first formerly undocumented member of Congress.

Jesús G. "Chuy" García (D)
A man in a suit.
WASHINGTON, D C , UNITED STATES - 2019/06/25: U.S. Representative Jesús García (D-IL, aka Jesús G. "Chuy" García) speaking at a rally against the proposed United StatesMexicoCanada Agreement (USMCA), the proposed successor to NAFTA, at the Capitol. (Photo by Michael Brochstein/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)

Michael Brochstein/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images

State: Illinois

District: 04

Place of birth: Mexico

García has served in Congress since 2019. He emigrated to Illinois in 1965 and became a US citizen in 1977.

Robert Garcia (D)
A man in a suit.
Representative Robert Garcia, a Democrat from California and ranking member of the House Oversight and Accountability Committee, speaks to members of the media during a break in a closed-door interview with Kathryn Ruemmler, former lawyer at Goldman Sachs, not pictured, in Washington, DC, US, on Wednesday, July 15, 2026. Goldman Sachs Group Inc.'s former general counsel defended her association with convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein to Congress, calling him a "masterful liar" who used her and others to help legitimize him. Photographer: Graeme Sloan/Bloomberg via Getty Images

Bloomberg/Getty Images

State: California

District: 42

Place of birth: Peru

Garcia has served in Congress since 2023. He emigrated to the US when he was a young child and became a naturalized citizen in his early 20s.

Carlos A. Gimenez (R)
A man in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - MAY 20: U.S. Rep. Carlos Gimenez (R-FL) (C) speaks as Rep. Maria Salazar (R-FL) (L) and Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart (R-FL) (R) listen during a news conference on former Cuban President Raul Castro at the U.S. Capitol on May 20, 2026 in Washington, DC. Rep. Diaz-Balart held a news conference to urge the U.S. government to hold former Cuban President Raul Castro accountable for the 1996 downing of two Brothers to the Rescue planes, which resulted in the deaths of four volunteers, including three Americans. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)

Alex Wong/Getty Images

State: Florida

District: 28

Place of birth: Cuba

Gimenez has served in Congress since 2021. His family emigrated to Miami in 1960, and he became a US citizen in 1976.

James A. Himes (D)
A man in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - FEBRUARY 14: U.S. Rep. Jim Himes (D-CT) speaks to members of the press after a briefing at the U.S. Capitol on February 14, 2024 in Washington, DC. Earlier in the day, Turner released a public statement warning members of Congress about a "serious national security threat" without giving any information about the nature of the threat and demanded that President Joe Biden declassify the information. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)

Alex Wong/Getty Images

State: Connecticut

District: 04

Place of birth: Peru

Himes has served in Congress since 2009. He was born to American parents, making him a US citizen at birth.

Pramila Jayapal (D)
A woman in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - SEPTEMBER 01: Ranking Member Rep. Pramila Jayapal (D-WA) listens during a hearing before the Subcommittee on Immigration Integrity, Security, and Enforcement of the House Judiciary Committee at Rayburn House Office Building on Capitol Hill on September 1, 2026 in Washington, DC. The subcommittee held a hearing titled "Sanctuary Policies, Tragic Consequences," to examine how sanctuary policies, specifically in California, Colorado, and Maryland, endanger communities by putting the interests of criminal aliens ahead of the interests of Americans. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)

Alex Wong/Getty Images

State: Washington

District: 07

Place of birth: India

Jayapal has served in Congress since 2017. She emigrated from India at age 16 in 1982 and became a naturalized citizen in 2000.

Young Kim (R)
A woman in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - FEBRUARY 02: U.S. Rep. Young Kim (R-CA) (2nd L) speaks as (L-R) Rep. Michael McCaul (R-TX) and Rep Claudia Tenney (R-NY) listen during a news conference at the U.S. Capitol on February 2, 2022 in Washington, DC. House Republican leadership held a news conference to discuss GOP agenda after a caucus meeting. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)

Alex Wong/Getty Images

State: California

District: 40

Place of birth: South Korea

Kim has served in Congress since 2021. She emigrated to the US at age 12 and later became a naturalized US citizen.

Raja Krishnamoorthi (D)
A man in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - JUNE 10: U.S. Rep. Raja Krishnamoorthi (D-IL) speaks to the media as Microsoft Co-Founder Bill Gates testifies during a closed-door interview with the House Oversight Committee on Capitol Hill on June 10, 2026 in Washington, DC. The committee is continuing to hold closed-door interviews as part of their investigation into convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. (Photo by Tom Brenner/Getty Images)

Tom Brenner/Getty Images

State: Illinois

District: 08

Place of birth: India

Krishnamoorthi has served in Congress since 2017. The exact year of his naturalization is not in the public record, but he moved to the US with his family as a child.

Ted Lieu (D)
A man in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - SEPTEMBER 15: Democratic Caucus Vice Chair Ted Lieu (D-CA) speaks during a weekly news conference at the U.S. Capitol on September 15, 2026 in Washington, DC. Lieu spoke about Congress's ability to impose guardrails on artificial intelligence. (Photo by Heather Diehl/Getty Images)

Heather Diehl/Getty Images

State: California

District: 36

Place of birth: Taiwan

Lieu has served in Congress since 2015. The exact year of his naturalization is not in the public record, but he moved to the US with his family as a child.

Ilhan Omar (D)
A woman in a suit speaks.
MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA - JANUARY 28: Rep. Ilhan Omar (D-MN) speaks during a press conference at the Karmel Mall on January 28, 2026 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Omar continues to rally with community members after facing an attempted attack by a person who charged her podium with a syringe as she spoke yesterday at a town hall gathering. Protests and demonstrations continue around Minneapolis in the aftermath of the killings of Alex Pretti and Rene Nicole Good by federal law enforcement. (Photo by Brandon Bell/Getty Images)

Brandon Bell/Getty Images

State: Minnesota

District: 05

Place of birth: Somalia

Omar has served in Congress since 2019. She was naturalized in 2000, five years after arriving in the US from Kenya, where her family had lived in a refugee camp after fleeing Somalia.

David Rouzer (R)
A man in a suit.
UNITED STATES - JUNE 31: Rep. David Rouzer, R-N.C., leaves the House Republican Conference meeting in the Capitol on Tuesday, June 2, 2015. (Photo By Bill Clark/CQ Roll Call)

Bill Clark/CQ Roll Call

State: North Carolina

District: 07

Place of birth: Germany

Rouzer has served in Congress since 2015. He was born at Landstuhl Army Medical Center in Germany, where his father was stationed, making him a US citizen at birth.

Raul Ruiz (D)
A man in a suit.
UNITED STATES - JANUARY 14: Rep. Raul Ruiz, D-Calif., speaks during the House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Communications and Technology hearing titled "Oversight of the Federal Communications Commission," in Rayburn building on Wednesday, January 14, 2026. FCC Chairman Brendan Carr, FCC Commissioners Anna Gomez, and Olivia Trusty testified. (Tom Williams/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images)

Tom Williams/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images

State: California

District: 25

Place of birth: Mexico

Ruiz has served in Congress since 2013. He was born in Mexico and raised in Coachella, California, after his aunt and uncle adopted him as a baby. He is a naturalized US citizen.

Victoria Spartz (R)
A woman in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - SEPTEMBER 20: U.S. Rep. Victoria Spartz (R-IN) questions Attorney General Merrick Garland as he testifies before the House Judiciary Committee in the Rayburn House Office Building on September 20, 2023 in Washington, DC. The committee is holding an oversight hearing on the U.S. Department of Justice. (Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images)

Win McNamee/Getty Images

State: Indiana

District: 05

Place of birth: Ukraine

Spartz has served in Congress since 2021. She arrived in the US in 2000 and became a US citizen in 2006.

Marilyn Strickland (D)
A woman in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 15: U.S. Rep. Marilyn Strickland (D-WA) speaks during a press event on reproductive right in front of the U.S. Capitol July 15, 2022 in Washington, DC. The House is voting on the Women’s Health Protection Act today. (Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images)

Alex Wong/Getty Images

State: Washington

District: 10

Place of birth: South Korea

Strickland has served in Congress since 2021. She was born to an American serviceman father and Korean mother, making her a US citizen at birth.

Shri Thanedar (D)
A man in a suit.
WASHINGTON, DC - JANUARY 14: Congressman Shri Thanedar (D-MI) speaks at a press conference with other Democratic members of House Homeland Security Committee on the killing of Renee Good, outside the U.S. Capitol in Washington, DC on January 14, 2026. (Photo by Nathan Posner/Anadolu via Getty Images)

Nathan Posner/Anadolu via Getty Images

State: Michigan

District: 13

Place of birth: India

Thanedar has served in Congress since 2023. He was naturalized in 1988 after emigrating from India a decade earlier.

Norma J. Torres (D)
A woman in a suit.
POMONA, CA - MAY 07: Congresswoman Norma J. Torres (D-CA-35) addresses the media after touring the temporary Office of Refugee Resettlement Emergency Intake Facility at Fairplex in Pomona Friday, May 7, 2021. Approximately 280 undocumented children are currently housed at the facility after being relocated from facilities near the border. (Photo by Will Lester/MediaNews Group/Inland Valley Daily Bulletin via Getty Images)

Will Lester/MediaNews Group/Inland Valley Daily Bulletin via Getty Images

State: California

District: 35

Place of birth: Guatemala

Torres has served in Congress since 2015. She emigrated to the US as a young child in the early 1970s and became a naturalized citizen in 1992.

Eugene Simon Vindman (D)
A man in a suit.
UNITED STATES - NOVEMBER 21: Rep.-elect Eugene Vindman, D-Va.., on phone, and his brother Alexander, are seen after Eugene drew number 57, the last pick, during the New Member Orientation Room Lottery for office space at the Capitol on Thursday, November 21, 2024. Reps.-elect Lateefah Simon, D-Calif., left, and Maxine Dexter, D-Ore., are also pictured. (Tom Williams/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images)

Tom Williams/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images

State: Virginia

District: 07

Place of birth: Ukraine

Vindman has served in Congress since 2025. The exact year of his naturalization is not in the public record, but he moved to the US with his family as a child.

Read the original article on Business Insider

Inside Austria's network of Ukrainian fugitives, Russian elites, and political connections

23 October 2026 at 19:01

The detention of two Ukrainian journalists in Austria earlier this month while conducting an investigation has highlighted deeper systemic concerns.

Mykhailo Tkach and Yaroslav Bondarenko were investigating a former Ukrainian prosecutor general who had fled Ukraine and settled in Vienna.

Austria has increasingly come under scrutiny for providing refuge to

Trump Sues to Block Alaska Senate Election Results Because of Potential Voter "Confusion"

23 October 2026 at 20:23
Sen. Dan Sullivan (R-Alaska). (US Senate)

 

Today, the Trump Justice Department filed a federal lawsuit seeking to block Alaska Senate election results on the grounds they might be influenced by voter "confusion" between incumbent Republican Senator Dan S. Sullivan and a separate Republican candidate with a very similar name (Dan L. Sullivan). I previously wrote about the issues raised by the two Dan Sullivans here. As I pointed out in the earlier post, there is no legal basis for overturning congressional election results based on voter confusion, and any such action would likely violate the First Amendment. See also this analysis by election law specialist Rick Hasen.

I would add that any such federal action also runs afoul of states' primary authority over election procedures. The Elections Clause of the Constitution gives states primary authority over "The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives," subject to Congress' power to modify these rules by legislation. Congress has not enacted any statute allowing overturning of election results based on possible "voter confusion."

If "voter confusion" were a legitimate reason to overturn election results, that would imperil a great many election winners, as voter ignorance - and exploitation thereof by candidates - is a widespread and longstanding problem. I covered some of these points in my previous post about the two Dan Sullivans:

Donald Trump is a particularly egregious example, going all the way back to his first campaign in 2016, and more recently with his lies about the 2020 election and other issues. But more conventional politicians also often resort to lies and deception, even if not to the same degree.  President Obama, for example, famously  lied when he claimed that, under the Affordable Care Act, "if you like your health care plan, you can keep it." That deception won the 2013 Politifact Lie of the Year award. But it still helped Obama get reelected in 2012. I am not sure exploiting voter confusion about names is any worse than exploiting their ignorance about policy issues like crime, immigration, and health care….

Ultimately, both exploitation of voter confusion about names and other deceptions used in campaigns seek to exploit widespread voter ignorance. Because of the combination of "rational ignorance" (lack of incentive to seek out political information) and "rational irrationality" (lack of incentive to engage in unbiased evaluation),  most voters know little about government and public policy, and often do a poor job of evaluating the information they do know. This makes them vulnerable to deception and manipulation, and incentivizes politicians to lie and otherwise distort the truth.

Voter confusion about candidates with similar names is just another example of this broader problem….

There is no easy solution to the problem of voter ignorance. But I assess a range of possible options in my 2023 article on "Top-Down and Bottom-Up Solutions to the Problem of Political Ignorance, and in my earlier book Democracy and Political Ignorance. I believe the best approach is to make fewer decisions at the ballot box and more by "voting with your feet," where incentives to seek out information and evaluate it wisely are much better. But I  recognize that any effective approach will take time, and there may be no one fix that is sufficient by itself.  We may need to pursue multiple strategies. In the meantime, voters are likely to continue to be ignorant and confused about a variety of issues, and politicians and interest groups are likely to keep on exploiting that.

Many of these other voter ignorance problems are far worse than any potential confusion between candidates with similar names, a problem that only comes up relatively rarely.

UPDATE: Rick Hasen has a helpful analysis of the Alaska lawsuit here:

DOJ has no power to decide which candidates can appear on the ballot. The sole basis that DOJ asserted for trying to block the state's certification process is the National Voter Registration Act's preamble that reads that the act is designed to "protect the integrity of the electoral process." That preamble of course gives no power whatsoever to the federal government to do anything. It does not give DOJ the power to determine ballot access or block certification of a federal election. The Alaska Supreme Court decided the state law ballot access question back in June, allowing the second Sullivan to appear on the ballot.

The post Trump Sues to Block Alaska Senate Election Results Because of Potential Voter "Confusion" appeared first on Reason Magazine.

DOJ Seeks to Block Alaska Election Result if Republican Loses. Is This a Test Case?

23 October 2026 at 18:39
The lawsuit invokes voter confusion over two candidates named Dan Sullivan, but its narrow conditions raise questions about the administration’s broader intentions

Worst Nathan for You–Style Scheme Ever? A Polling Company Claimed Its Fake Polls Were a Social Experiment.

23 October 2026 at 17:27
Ballot box with an American flag | Magnific AI/Mariam Zakaidze

There has been much consternation this week about the use of fake polls in the media, with some government officials promising swift, and legally dubious, punishments for broadcasters that use them. 

The use of these fake polls came to light on Wednesday, when The New York Times reported that "well-known polling aggregators," including the paper itself, had been citing fake surveys by Wedgewood Polls. The fake polling scheme was revealed when the outlet FivePlusOne contacted Wedgewood Tuesday for comment about an investigation into the pollster. That night, Wedgewood posted a now-deleted statement declaring that it was an "experimental project to demonstrate the vulnerabilities, lack of oversight, and overall barrier to entry in the modern polling industry." The fake pollster claimed it was "far too easy" to be taken seriously in media and public commentary. 

A similar "social experiment" was revealed in August, when the Los Angeles Times reported that a poll by Median Strategies showing Mayor Karen Bass "leading ahead of Councilmember Nithya Raman by a wide margin" was "bogus." An earlier poll by Median Strategies showed Francesca Hong, who lost her race for Wisconsin governor, up by more than 20 percentage points. Median Strategies told the Times that the firm was "created as a short term social experiment to examine how purported polling information could enter and spread through the political information ecosystem without independent verification."

If Wedgewood's polling stunts were in fact social experiments (pollster Nate Silver is very skeptical of this explanation), then the experiment worked. Nobody is completely immune to deceit. And while savvy media consumers have become more attuned to detecting AI writing and video fakes, masses of people still fall for more than fake polls, as they have for a long time.

In 2018, when the word "slop" meant food for pigs and before anyone wrote posts using ChatGPT, the Intelligencer asked the question: "How much of the Internet is fake?" The answer, the outlet concluded, was "a lot."

At the time, Reason's Nick Gillespie noted that the article was a "sobering and obvious revelation that much of what we browse, engage, and interact with is in some fundamental way, total bullshit." Gillespie solemnly observed, "we're living not in the disintermediated, utopian world chronicled in the early days of Louis Rossetto and Jane Metcalfe's Wired, but something closer to the endlessly creative, weird, off-kilter, semi-insane world imagined by Philip K. Dick and, later, Neal Stephenson."

Eight years later, the "semi-insane" world is no less insane, and humans, as they always have, are falling prey to increasingly intricate schemes and hoaxes. In September, Semafor's Max Tani revealed that a large number of YouTube videos—several of which garnered hundreds of thousands of views—were made by "ghost creators." In these videos, presented as news reports, real actors were paid to read AI-written scripts "laced with misleading claims and outright falsehoods." According to Tani, these "accounts appear to be run not by political operatives trying to win, or foreign intelligence efforts seeking to destabilize the US, but by engagement junkies detached from the stakes of politics." While any semi-media-literate person in 2026 could tell you that not all YouTube videos should be taken as fact, the scale of the operation was staggering. 

The deception crisis plagues the media as well. Recently, the platform Qwoted, which connects journalists with sources, had to remove a supposed art therapy expert from its website after her "details were found to be false," reported the Press Gazette. According to the Gazette, the fake therapist's insights had been cited in several outlets, including Psychology, Forbes, Glamour, and Vice. I have also raised concerns about news outlets and commentators citing polls published by EduBirdie, a Cyprus-based company that sells human-written academic papers to students for $8 a page (ethics aside, what a bold business model in the AI age).

So what is to be done? As Gillespie wrote in 2018, there are existing legal levers to root out fraud, but any top-down approach to squashing online lies "will be poorly applied, repressive, and ultimately arbitrary." Government-led crackdowns on COVID-19 "misinformation" have proven him right. Outsourcing the arbitration of truth would only diminish our access to information, and no one entity, particularly the government, should be trusted to determine what is true or false. Unfortunately, the Trump administration has not learned much from the pandemic era and has instead repeatedly tried to crack down on media coverage it doesn't like.

Ideally, media organizations would act as B.S. detectors, but clearly, they often fail to do so. So, consumers are left to wade through lies, AI hoaxes, and so-called "social experiments." This may be tedious work, but it is necessary for consumers to evolve as technologies change. This sleuthing for scams may even be enjoyable. Why pay to have your brain scrambled by Nathan Fielder's Elizabeth Holmes documentary when you can drive yourself insane by tracking down and scrutinizing widely cited statistics and polls?

The post Worst <i>Nathan for You</i>–Style Scheme Ever? A Polling Company Claimed Its Fake Polls Were a Social Experiment. appeared first on Reason Magazine.

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